Mathematical operators
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Description

Mathematical operators (symbols to do math with) in R include the following:

Operator What it does
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
^ Exponentiation
** Exponentiation (no space in between the **)
%% Modulo: Find the remainder from “long division”

All operators can be used on individual numbers or with numeric arrays.


Examples

# Add two numbers
5+8
## [1] 13


# Subtract two numbers
5-8
## [1] -3


# Divide two numbers
5/8
## [1] 0.625


# Multiply two numbers
5*8
## [1] 40


# Raise 5 to the 8th power
5^8
## [1] 390625


# Raise 5 to the 8th power
5**8
## [1] 390625


# Find the remainder of 8 divided by 5
8 %% 5
## [1] 3


# Add the number 5 to every value in a numeric array
5 + c(45, 65, 85, 105)
## [1]  50  70  90 110


# Cube every number in a numeric array
c(45, 65, 85, 105)^3
## [1]   91125  274625  614125 1157625